The physicochemical properties of soap depend on several factors, such as the strength and purity of the alkali, the type of oil used, and the thoroughness of saponification. Such physicochemical properties include moisture content, total fatty matter, pH value, free caustic alkalinity, and similar properties. Sodium and potassium are widely used in soap making producing water-soluble soaps. Quality soap for cleaning is a soap that provides a balance in all the specified physicochemical properties.
Saponification is a reaction that is the opposite of esterification. With the saponification of vegetable or animal oils, glycerin and fatty acid are formed. If saponification is done with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or potassium hydroxide (KOH), its sodium salt (white soap) or potassium salt (Arabic soap) is obtained instead of fatty acid.
In short, saponification is essentially a kind of hydrolysis reaction. The amounts of NaOH and KOH remaining after this reaction are the values to be considered while calculating the pH value of the soap.is At the same time, these values are used in the calculation of the sufficient alkali salt ratio according to the type of oil used.
In the tests and analyzes carried out in our organization, which has a wide range of technological equipment, trained and experienced staff and applies the most modern methods, national and international standards and legal regulations in force are complied with. Free caustic alkali determination and NaOH/KOH determination services are among the numerous tests performed in this context.
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