Determination of Organic / Inorganic Substance

Organic compounds and inorganic compounds form the basis of chemistry. The main difference between organic and inorganic compounds is that organic compounds always contain carbon while most inorganic compounds do not. Also, almost all organic compounds contain carbon-hydrogen bonds. However, for a compound to be considered organic, it is not sufficient to contain only carbon, it must contain both carbon and hydrogen. Organic and inorganic chemistry are two of the main disciplines of chemistry.

Molecules associated with living organisms are organic. These include nucleic acids, fats, sugars, proteins, enzymes and hydrocarbon fuels. All organic molecules contain carbon, almost all contain hydrogen, and many also contain oxygen. For example, DNA, table sugar or sucrose, benzene, methane and ethanol or grain alcohol are organic substances.

Inorganics include salts, metals, substances made from single elements, and other compounds that do not contain carbon bonded to hydrogen. Some inorganic molecules actually contain carbon. For example, table salt or sodium chloride, carbon dioxide, diamond (pure carbon), silver and sulfur are inorganic substances.

While most organic compounds encountered in chemistry are produced by living organisms, it is possible for molecules to be formed by other processes. Solar radiation can provide energy to produce organic compounds from inorganic carbon compounds.

The most common fact that distinguishes organic compounds from inorganic compounds is that organic compounds arise mainly from the activities of a living thing. However, inorganic compounds are obtained from natural processes that have nothing to do with any living thing on earth or as a result of tests carried out in laboratories.

The main differences between organic and inorganic compounds are:

• Organic compounds are characterized by the presence of carbon atoms in them. Most inorganic compounds do not contain carbon atoms.
• Organic compounds consist of hydrogen, oxygen, carbon and other derivatives thereof. Inorganic compounds do not contain hydrogen, oxygen and their derivatives.
• Organic compounds are volatile and highly flammable. Inorganic compounds are flammable and inherently non-volatile.
• Organic compounds exist in the form of solids, gases, and liquids. Inorganic compounds exist in solid form.
• Organic compounds are insoluble in water. Inorganic compounds are soluble in water.
• Organic compounds have carbon-hydrogen bonds. Inorganic compounds do not have carbon-hydrogen bonds.
• Organic compounds are mainly found in most living things. Inorganic compounds are found in inanimate objects.

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