Color Pigment Analysis

Pigments and dyes are commonly referred to as colorants. The use of colorants determines whether they are pigments or dyes. Pigments are natural and synthetic products that give color to materials such as paper and plastic, insoluble in water and oil.

Paints, by contrast, are water-soluble colorants, but some are converted into insoluble paint pigments by co-precipitating on an inorganic base. Artists' colors are pigments spread on a suspended surface in a suitable medium such as oil. Mass coloring of textile fibers, polymers, plastics and rubber occurs when pigments are present in a dispersed form. A convenient way of classifying pigments is organic and inorganic pigments.

Natural organic pigments have been used in cave paintings and decoration since time immemorial. Ancient people got They used indigo extracts to color their bodies. Here, insoluble blue is used as a pigment instead of a dye. Other organic pigments found in nature include chlorophyll, the green coloring matter of leaves.

Pigments are not applied as solutions, but as finely ground solid particles mixed with a liquid. Generally, the same pigments are used in oil and water-based paints, printing inks, and plastics. Pigments can be organic (ie, contain carbon) or inorganic. Most inorganic pigments are brighter and last longer than organic ones.

Organic pigments from natural sources have been used for centuries, but most of the pigments used today are either inorganic or synthetic organic ones. Synthetic organic pigments are obtained from coal tars and other petrochemicals. Inorganic pigments are made by relatively simple chemical reactions, specifically oxidation.

Inorganic pigments include white opaque pigments used to provide opacity and lighten other colours. The most important member of the class is titanium dioxide. White pigments are added to paints to reduce their cost or improve their properties. This class includes calcium carbonate and calcium sulfate. Black pigments are primarily created from carbon particles. For example, carbon black is used to impart black color to printing inks.

Mostly, organic pigments are synthesized from aromatic hydrocarbons. Organic pigments make up azo pigments containing a nitrogen group, most organic red, orange and yellow pigments.

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