Silicone is a synthetic substance used as a permanent filler to add volume to the aging face and correct wrinkles. However, injectable silicone is not approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for cosmetic treatments. Silicone injections are approved only for certain medical uses, such as treating tears or holes in the retina. However, since then, liquid injectable silicone has been used for lip augmentation, facial rejuvenation, and body contouring (such as breast and hip augmentation). Silicone injections are not technically illegal, but the use of injectable silicone for soft tissue augmentation is controversial due to concerns that it may lead to various complications.
Today, liquid silicone injections are used as permanent dermal fillers in cosmetic procedures. Silicone is an easy-to-use synthetic substance with a chemically inactive structure. Injectable silicone provides long-lasting results and therefore has a cost advantage over other temporary and semi-permanent FDA-approved dermal fillers. The main advantage of using an injectable silicone product as a dermal filler is its permanence. This means that patients do not need to come back for injections again and again.
Liquid silicone injections have been used successfully for years in HIV patients for purposes such as filling scars and improving facial fat loss. Medical-grade injectable silicone is FDA-approved for use in eye sockets, however, the use of silicone fluid for soft tissue augmentation for facial and body contouring purposes is not recommended.
The FDA has issued warnings against the use of silicone oil for large-scale body contouring and enhancement. Nevertheless, silicone injection treatments continue to be used to correct lip augmentation, volume loss in the aging face, acne scars and other signs of aging on the face.
Medical-grade silicone contains silicone oil, which is used in small amounts in eyes and breast implants. When the silicone product is injected into the skin, the body perceives it as a foreign substance and surrounds it with collagen. Collagen tightens the skin and corrects volume loss. Ultimately, filling wrinkles or adding volume to the chin or cheeks gives the face a more youthful appearance.
Some plastic surgeons use the microdroplet technique for silicone injections. This injection technique involves placing multiple small droplets of sterile medical-grade silicone at various points under the skin. Micro droplet injection treatment is less painful than other fillers and there is no downtime.
The injected silicone is permanent and the silicone cannot be absorbed or removed by the body. Therefore, the only way to remove liquid silicone is surgery. Many complications have been reported following cosmetic silicone injections, including granulomas. Silicone injections may cause the following side effects:
In this regard, liquid silicone injections are opposed, citing complications such as granulomas and infection. Because delayed granuloma formation in response to liquid silicone fillers can occur even years after treatment, granulomas are difficult to treat. In the face, liquid silicone injections can potentially put pressure on surrounding nerves, leading to problems with sensation and movement of facial muscles. Additionally, the expected feature of this treatment can become a liability if things go wrong. Liquid silicone is very difficult to remove without damaging the surrounding tissue.
For these reasons, tests and analyzes are needed to determine whether the silicone filler to be used meets the desired properties.
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