Immunosuppressive drugs are drugs that keep the immune system under control. The body's immune system helps fight disease-causing infections. But sometimes the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy cells and tissues. Immunosuppressive drugs slow down or even stop this response. Especially for organ transplant patients, therapeutic drug monitoring of immunosuppressive drugs is essential to prevent organ toxicity or rejection. In general, immunosuppressive drugs are needed in the following situations: Autoimmune disease (a condition in which the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's normal tissues), organ transplant, and stem cell or bone marrow transplant.
If you have an autoimmune condition, your immune system treats healthy tissue and cells as foreign invaders. The Essen immune system turns against the body and attacks it. Immunosuppressive drugs help prevent cell damage and inflammation by holding back the immune system. These medications minimize symptoms.
For people who have had an organ transplant, immunosuppressants help prevent organ rejection. The immune system knows that the new organ is not part of the original body, perceives the new organ as a threat and tries to destroy it. Immunosuppressive drugs protect the new organ by controlling this response.
A stem cell transplant replaces diseased cells in the body with healthy ones from a donor. After a transplant, the donor cells begin to form a new immune system in the body. Sometimes this new immune system sees the body as foreign and the immune system can attack healthy tissues and organs. Immunosuppressive drugs inhibit these responses.
There are many types of immunosuppressive drugs used in treatment. A single immunosuppressive drug, or a combination of them, is used depending on the patient's specific condition and symptoms. These immunosuppressive drugs can have powerful effects on the body. Regular blood tests should be performed to ensure drug levels do not become too high. High doses can cause serious side effects such as acne, diabetes, exhaustion, headaches, lack of concentration, forgetfulness, or weight loss.
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