SAE AMS 1424M De-icing/Anti-icing Fluid, Aircraft SAE Type I Glycol (Conventional and Non-Conventional) Based

The standard “SAE AMS 1424M Deicing/anti-icing fluid, aircraft SAE Type I glycol (conventional and non-conventional) based” developed by the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) describes the requirements for a material that is an anti-icing or anti-freezing agent for use on aircraft and is in the form of a neutral fluid. Such materials help to remove ice, snow and frost from the exterior surfaces of aircraft. When applied to large high-speed jet aircraft, the lowest operational use temperature is minus 24 degrees and is in the form of a ready-to-use liquid.

A Newtonian fluid is one whose viscosity is unaffected by shear rate: all else being equal, neither flow rates nor shear rates change viscosity. Air and water are both Newtonian fluids. However, the viscosity of some liquids varies with shear rate.

There are currently four different types of fluids. These fluids are called Type I, Type II, Type III and Type IV. The composition of each certified fluid varies, but the types are known and accepted worldwide. Qualification is generally done according to SAE standards.

The liquid must be accepted according to its type in terms of retention times, aerodynamic performance and material compatibility. The colouring of these liquids is also standardized. Glycol is generally colourless. As seen in older certified liquids (old generation Type-I and Type II) where the colouring is not standardized. Orange is currently used for Type-I liquids. In general, de-icing/anti-icing liquids can be colourless if requested. Liquid tests are carried out under laboratory conditions as the environment can be controlled. These tests include various material compatibility tests, aerodynamic performance tests in the wind tunnel and retention time tests according to the weather conditions specified in the retention time schedules. Other tests are also carried out in the meantime.

For anti-icing purposes, the service provider applies at least an additional 1 litre/m2 of heated Type I fluid to the surfaces after the frozen contaminant has been removed. This is necessary because heating the surfaces contributes significantly to Type I fluid retention times.

Ensure that all personnel involved in ground de-icing operations are aware of the following required procedures:

• Use of Type I fluid for de-icing purposes: When ground icing conditions are not present or anticipated, flight crews must clearly communicate a specific treatment for Type I fluid prior to de-icing. In this case, the service provider will use as much Type I fluid as is necessary to ensure that the aircraft is free of frozen contamination (i.e. there is no minimum amount when de-icing surfaces).
• Use of Type I fluid for anti-icing purposes and use of dwell time guidelines: When ground icing conditions are present, forecast, or operating in active frost conditions, the service provider automatically applies heated Type I fluid to ensure that the aircraft is free of contamination as described in the de-icing procedure above.

Anti-icing equipment is deployed prior to entering icing conditions and is designed to prevent ice from forming. De-icing equipment is designed to remove ice once it has begun to accumulate on the airframe.

In cold climate conditions, aircraft use de-icing and anti-icing fluids to ensure safe takeoff and flight. The basic principles of de-icing and anti-icing are the same both during takeoff and in flight.

Generally, hot Type I liquid of 55-80 degrees is sprayed at high pressure to remove snow, ice and frost.

Our organization, which has been trying to support businesses from every sector with its testing, measurement, analysis and evaluation studies carried out in a wide range for years, has a strong staff that closely follows the developments in the world in the field of science and technology and constantly improves itself. In this context, testing services in accordance with the "SAE AMS 1424M De-icing / anti-icing fluid, aircraft SAE Type I glycol (conventional and non-conventional) based" standard are also provided to businesses.