The test methods described in the ASTM D412-98a standard developed by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) are test methods used to evaluate the tensile (stress) properties of vulcanized rubbers and thermoplastic rubbers and thermoplastic elastomers. These test methods are not applicable to ebonite and similar hard, low elongation materials. The described test methods are:
These two different methods do not give the same results.
All materials and products covered by these test methods must withstand tensile forces for adequate performance in certain applications. These test methods allow the measurement of such tensile properties. However, due to the wide range of potential performance requirements in actual use, tensile properties alone may not be directly related to the overall end-use performance of the product.
Tensile properties are dependent on both the material and the elongation rate, temperature, humidity, specimen geometry, pretest conditioning, and similar test conditions. Therefore, materials should only be compared when tested under the same conditions.
Temperature and elongation rate have significant effects on tensile properties and therefore must be controlled. However, these effects vary depending on the type of material being tested.
The strain set represents deformation that is partially permanent and partially recoverable after stretching and retraction. Therefore, extension and recovery times and other test conditions must be controlled to obtain comparable results.
A thermoplastic vulcanizate consists of a thermoplastic integrated with vulcanized rubber, and the combination assumes both the processability of the thermoplastic and the elastic properties of the cured rubber. Finished products made with a thermoplastic vulcanizate are similar to thermoset rubber and exhibit elastic recovery. They are stretchable and can then be returned to a form close to their original shape.
Among the numerous tests, measurements, analyses, and evaluations our organization provides for businesses in various sectors, we also offer standard testing services for the tensile strength of vulcanized rubber, thermoplastic rubbers, and thermoplastic elastomers under the ASTM D412-98a standard, utilizing a trained and expert staff and advanced technological equipment.
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