The “ASTM A536-24 Standard specification for ductile iron castings” standard, developed by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), describes the requirements for castings made of ductile iron, also known as spherical or nodular iron. The “ASTM A644-14 Standard terminology for iron castings” standard defines graphite as cast iron that is essentially spherical and free from other forms of graphite.
-demir-dokumler-icin-standart-spesifikasyon.jpg "ASTM A536-24 Standard Specification for Ductile Iron Castings")
No precise quantitative relationship can be stated between the properties of iron at various locations in the same casting or between the properties of castings and the properties of a test specimen cast from the same iron.
Orders for materials complying with this standard must include the following information:
The iron represented by the test specimens shall comply with the requirements regarding tensile properties presented in the tables given in the standard. The irons listed in Table 1 include those in general use, whereas those listed in Table 2 are used for special applications (pipes, fittings, etc.).
Yield strength shall be determined by the offset method with a 0,2 percent offset (ASTM E8-04). Other methods may be used with mutual approval of the manufacturer and purchaser.
In terms of heat treatment, grade 60-40-18 normally requires full ferritizing annealing. Grades 120-90-02 and 100-70-03 usually require quenching and tempering or normalizing and tempering or isothermal heat treatment. The other two grades can be met as-cast or by heat treatment. Ductile iron that has been heat treated by quenching and tempering to martensite may have significantly lower fatigue strength than as-cast material of the same hardness.
The individually cast test coupons on which the tensile test specimens are machined shall be cast to the size and shape shown in the figures given in the standard. A modified die-cast backbone block may be used in place of the 25,4 mm Y block or the 25,4 mm backbone block. The test coupons shall be cast in open molds made of suitable core sand having a minimum wall thickness of 12,5 mm for the 25 mm and 38 mm sizes and 75 mm for the 75 mm size. The coupons shall remain in the mold until cooled to a black color (approximately 482 degrees or less). The size of the coupon casting to represent the casting is at the purchaser's discretion. If no option is specified, the manufacturer shall make the selection.
When investment castings are made in accordance with this standard, the manufacturer may use test specimens cast to size incorporated into the mold with the castings or cast to size separately using the same type of mold and the same thermal conditions used to produce the castings. These test specimens shall be made to the dimensions shown in ASTM A732/A732M-20 or in the figures in ASTM A370-23.
The manufacturer may use individual casting test coupons or test specimens cut from castings when castings made to this specification are nodularized or inoculated in the mold. The individual casting test coupons shall have a chemistry representative of castings produced from the ladle as poured and a cooling rate equivalent to that obtained with the test molds shown in the figures in the standards.
The size of the coupon selected to represent the casting (cooling rate) shall be determined by the purchaser. If the test coupon size is not specified, the manufacturer shall make the selection. When test rods are to be cut from castings, the test rod location shall be agreed upon by the purchaser and the manufacturer and shall be shown on the casting drawing. The manufacturer shall provide the purchaser with adequate control and control documentation to ensure that the characteristics determined from the test coupons or test rods are representative of the castings shipped.
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