Pigments are important components in paints, coatings and inks. They are added to paint and coating formulations to impart color, volume or a desired physical and chemical property to wet or dry film. Pigments are finely ground natural or synthetic insoluble particles used to impart color when added to paints and coating formulations. Some of the main classes of pigments are:
Organic pigments do not disperse easily and do not form pigment particles or clumps, while inorganic pigments disperse more easily in the resin. Functional fillers give the coating a desirable property such as an anti-corrosion. Special effect pigments, on the other hand, create optical effects such as metallic, hammer coating, and different color perceptions depending on the angle.
Pigments are organic or inorganic, colored, white or black materials that are practically insoluble in the medium in which they are dispersed. They are different particles that give the medium its color and opacity. The smallest units are called primary particles. The structure and shape of these particles depend on the crystallinity of the pigment. During the pigment production process, the primary particles are usually aggregated and form pigment particles or clumps. As the pigment disperses into the polymer, high shear (enhanced tinting power) is often required to break up these clumps. For this reason, pigments must resist dissolving in solvents they may come into contact with during application, otherwise problems such as migration may occur. Also, depending on the demands of the particular application, the pigments must be resistant to light, weathering, heat and chemicals.
Paint is a substance applied to impart color with some degree of permanence. Polymer-soluble dyes dissolve in the medium in which they are dispersed. This means that there are no visible particles and the transparency of the medium does not change.
Here are a few differences between organic and inorganic pigments:
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