EN 13414-1 Steel Wire Rope Slings - Safety - Part 1: Slings for General Lifting Service

The European standard "EN 13414-1 Steel wire rope slings - Safety - Part 1: Slings for general lifting service" describes the construction requirements, the calculation of the working load limit of the sling, verification, certification and marking of steel wire rope slings for general lifting service. This standard covers single, two, three and four leg slings, ferruled or spliced ​​eye terminations and spliced ​​or ferruled endless slings made of 8-wire ordinary folded steel wire rope with fibre or steel core and 60-wire ordinary folded steel wire rope with steel core in accordance with EN 6-12385, with a diameter of 4 mm to 8 mm.

This standard assumes a working coefficient (safety factor) of five. It does not cover single-use hangers, i.e. one-time use. It also does not cover matching hanger sets with attached eyelets. It is also not valid for hangers manufactured by CEN before the date of publication of this standard.

Hazards covered by the water standard are defined in clause 4. These wire rope slings are designed to lift objects, materials or goods. Guidance on the information to be provided with an enquiry or order is included in the standard annex (Annex A). Information on use and maintenance, including operating temperature ranges, is given in Part II of this standard.

For the purposes of this standard, in addition to the terms and definitions given in EN 12385-2, the following definitions apply:

• Steel wire rope sling for general lifting service refers to an assembly of components comprising one or more one-piece legs or an endless sling designed for a variety of lifting operations and not designed for a specific lifting application.
• Terminal fittings refer to a link, hitch, hook or similar device permanently attached to the upper or lower end of a sling and designed to connect the sling to a load or lifting machinery.
• Master link refers to the link that forms the upper terminal of a sling where the sling is connected to the hook of a crane or other lifting machine. Intermediate master link refers to the link used to connect one or both legs of the sling to a master link. Intermediate links may be combined with a master link to form a permanent master link assembly.
• The working load limit of a sling refers to the maximum mass that the sling is authorized to carry in general service.
• Competent person means a designated person who is suitably trained, qualified by knowledge and practical experience and has instructions to ensure that the necessary tests and examinations are carried out.

In terms of hazards, the accidental release of a load or the release of a load due to the failure of a wire rope sling directly or indirectly risks the safety or health of persons in the danger area. The table provided in the standard contains the hazards that require action to reduce the risk identified by the risk assessment as specific and significant for wire rope slings.

In this standard, the formation of the eyes is explained as follows:

• Ferrule fixed eye slings: Ferrule fixed eyes shall comply with EN 13411-3. The minimum length of the straight rope between the inner ends of the ferrules terminating a sling leg shall be 20 times the nominal rope diameter.
• Spliced ​​eye slings: Spliced ​​eyes must comply with EN 13411-2. The minimum length of the flat rope between spliced ​​tails must be at least 15 times the nominal rope diameter.
• Rigid eyes: Rigid eyes must be equipped with ferrules complying with EN 13411-1 and installed in accordance with the designer's instructions.
• Soft eyes: The circumferential length of the soft eye should be at least four rope lay lengths. A stirrup may be fitted to protect the bearing surface of the soft eye.
• Terminal fittings: The working load limit of any main connection shall be at least equal to that of the sling. The working load limit of any intermediate connection fitted to a three or four-legged sling shall be at least equal to 1,6 times the working load limit of one of the legs of the sling. The working load limit of the lower terminal fittings shall be at least equal to that of the legs to which they are fitted. Forged steel lifting hooks with latch shall be in accordance with EN 1677. Where shackles are used, they shall be in accordance with EN 13889.

Single leg hangers shall be of the type shown in the table provided in the standard, with or without terminal fittings such as fittings or hooks. When a terminal fitting is used, the eye termination is always fitted with a ferrule.

The length shall be the length measured between the bearing points of the sling. The measured length of a sling secured with a ferrules shall not differ from the nominal length by more than two rope diameters or 1 percent of the nominal length, whichever is greater. The measured length of a combined sling shall not differ from the nominal length by more than four rope diameters or 2 percent of the nominal length, whichever is greater.

When single-leg slings are intended to be used as paired sets, the difference in length of paired sets of ferruled eye slings shall not exceed the rope diameter or 0,5 percent of the nominal length, whichever is greater.

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