EN IEC 62040 Uninterruptible Power Systems (UPS)

The “EN IEC 62040 Uninterruptible power systems (UPS)” standard, which is based on a European standard and later published by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), consists of subsections published under the same title. As follows:

• The standard “EN IEC 62040-1 Part 1: Safety requirements” applies to portable, fixed, stationary or built-in UPSs for use in low-voltage distribution systems and are intended for installation in an area accessible to a lay person or in a restricted access area, as applicable. This standard provides for a fixed frequency AC output voltage with port voltages not exceeding 1000 Volts AC or 1500 Volts DC and includes an energy storage device.

This standard applies to plug-in and permanently connected UPSs, whether consisting of a system of interconnected units or a system of stand-alone units, provided that the UPS is installed, operated and maintained in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.

Typical UPS configurations, including voltage or frequency converters and other topologies, are described in IEC 62040-3, the test and performance product standard for UPS. The UPS is typically connected to the energy storage devices via a DC link. A chemical battery is used throughout the standard as an example of an energy storage device.

This standard specifies the requirements to ensure safety for the lay person and, where specifically stated, for a qualified person who comes into contact with the UPS. The aim is to reduce the risks of fire, electric shock, thermal, energy and mechanical hazards during use and operation and, where specifically stated, during service and maintenance. This product standard complies with the applicable parts of IEC 62477-1, the group safety standard for power electronic converter systems, and includes additional requirements relevant to the UPS.

However, this standard does not cover:

• UPSs with DC output
• Systems operated on moving platforms, including but not limited to aircraft, ships, and motor vehicles
• External AC or DC input and output distribution boards covered by the specific product standard
• Standalone static transfer systems covered by the IEC 62310-1 standard
• Systems in which the output voltage is derived directly from a rotating machine
• Telecommunication devices other than UPS for such devices
• Functional safety aspects covered by all subparts of the IEC 61508 standard.

This standard is a type test product standard for electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) and applies to portable, fixed, fixed or built-in, plug-in and permanently connected UPSs for use in low-voltage distribution systems in residential, commercial, light industrial or industrial environments. These UPSs provide output voltages with port voltages not exceeding 1500 Volts DC or 1000 Volts AC and include an energy storage device.

Subject to the UPS being installed, operated and maintained as prescribed by the manufacturer, this standard defines emission limits, immunity levels, test methods and performance criteria to ensure that the UPS complies with the essential EMC requirements necessary to prevent interference with other devices (e.g. radio receivers) and to prevent the UPS from being affected by external phenomena. This standard does not address EMC phenomena generated by loads connected to the UPS or by any devices external to the UPS other than those described in the immunity requirements. This standard is compatible with applicable IEC standards for electromagnetic emission limits and immunity levels. It contains additional requirements applicable to the UPS.

This standard does not cover:

• Low voltage DC power supply devices covered by IEC 61204 standards
• Systems where the output voltage is derived from a rotating machine

UPSs are typically connected to energy storage devices via a DC link. A chemical battery is an example of an energy storage device.

The requirements have been selected to allow adequate levels of EMC for UPS installed in residential, commercial, light industrial and industrial locations. The requirements are not always sufficient to cover unlikely events, including UPS failures.

• The standard “EN IEC 62040-3 Part 3: Method for determining performance and test requirements” describes the performance and test requirements applicable to portable, fixed and stationary electronic uninterruptible power systems (UPS) that are supplied with an AC voltage not exceeding 1000 Volts, provide an AC output voltage not exceeding 1000 Volts, contain an energy storage device not exceeding 1500 Volts DC and whose primary function is to ensure continuity of load power.

This standard contains the performance and test requirements for a complete UPS and individual UPS functional units, if any. Requirements for individual UPS functional units contained in other IEC standards apply to the extent that they do not conflict with this standard.

UPSs are developed for a wide power range from hundreds of watts to several megawatts to meet the power availability and quality requirements for various loads. Information on typical UPS configurations and topologies is included in the standard annexes (Annex A and Annex B). This standard also includes UPS performance and test requirements for UPS switches that interact with the UPS functional units to ensure continuity of load power.

This standard does not cover:

• Conventional AC and DC distribution boards and their associated switches
• Standalone static transfer systems within the scope of the IEC 62310-3 standard
• Rotary UPS under IEC 88528-11 standard
• DC UPS covered by IEC 62040-5-3 standard.

This standard recognizes that continuity of load power to information technology equipment is an important UPS application. Therefore, the UPS output characteristics specified in this standard are also intended to ensure compliance with the requirements of information technology equipment. This includes requirements for the supply of both linear and non-linear load characteristics of information technology equipment, as well as steady state and transient voltage variation, subject to any limitations specified in the manufacturer's declaration.

• The standard “EN IEC 62040-4 Part 4: Environmental aspects - Requirements and reporting” describes the process and requirements for declaring environmental aspects related to uninterruptible power systems (UPS). This standard aims to promote the reduction of any negative environmental impacts throughout the full life cycle of a UPS. This product standard is compatible with applicable general and horizontal environmental standards and contains additional details regarding the UPS.

This standard applies to portable, stationary and fixed UPSs providing a single or three phase fixed frequency AC output voltage not exceeding 1000 Volts AC and incorporating an energy storage system, usually through a DC link, and as specified in the IEC 62040 product standards for UPS.

The following applications are excluded:

• Conventional AC input and output distribution panels
• DC distribution boards and their associated switches (e.g. batteries, rectifier output or inverter input switches)
• Self-contained static transfer systems specified in the IEC 62310 product standard for self-contained static transfer systems
• Systems where the output voltage is derived from a rotating machine

This standard includes the performance and test requirements for a complete DC UPS, not for individual DC UPS functional units. Individual DC UPS functional units are covered in current IEC standards that do not conflict with this standard. DC UPSs have been developed in a wide range of power ratings from less than one hundred watts to megawatts to meet the power availability and quality requirements for a variety of loads. Information on typical DC UPS configurations and topologies is available in the standard annexes (Annexes A and B).

This document also includes DC UPS performance and testing requirements related to breakers, isolation switches, and bonding switches, if any, that are integral parts of the DC UPS. These components interact with other functional units of the DC UPS to ensure continuity of load power.

This standard does not cover:

• Conventional AC input distribution boards and associated switches
• Conventional DC distribution boards and associated switches
• Conventional AC UPSs covered by the IEC 62040-3 standard
• Low voltage DC power supply devices covered by a specific product standard (e.g. IEC 61204) and devices covered by a specific product standard (e.g. ITU communications standards)
• Systems where the output voltage is derived from a rotating machine

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