The ISO 12402 standard, developed by the International Standards Organization (ISO), consists of the following standards under the main heading of "Personal flotation devices":
The ISO 12402-1 standard describes the safety requirements for life jackets intended for use on offshore vessels, with regard to the technical provisions of the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea. For the purposes of this standard, personal flotation device refers to clothing or equipment that, when properly worn and used in water, provides the wearer with a certain amount of buoyancy that increases their probability of survival.
The ISO 12402-2 standard describes the safety requirements for life jackets with performance level 275. For the purposes of this standard, life jackets for adults, children or infants are valid for offshore use under severe conditions or when using protective gear or carrying additional loads. Naturally floating means that it is permanently less dense than water. Automatic inflation refers to the inflation of personal flotation equipment without user action during immersion. Manual inflation refers to the inflation of personal flotation equipment caused by the user operating a mechanism. Mouth inflation refers to the inflation caused by the user's mouth blowing air into their personal flotation equipment.
The ISO 12402-3 standard describes the safety requirements for life jackets with performance level 150. Applies to life jackets used by adults, children and infants for general, offshore or rough water use, or when wearers are fully clothed. For the purposes of this standard, emergency locating light refers to equipment that emits light to increase a user's chances of locating his or her location. Multi-chamber flotation system refers to personal flotation equipment with buoyancy to meet the applicable personal flotation equipment performance requirement provided by two or more independent rooms. Deck harness refers to equipment that allows the user to be securely attached to a strong point on a ship or shore, preventing them from falling into the water or leaving the ship or shore if a fall occurs.
The ISO 12402-4 standard describes the safety requirements for life jackets with performance level 100. Applies to life jackets used by adults, children and infants in sheltered or calm water or when users are fully clothed. For the purposes of this standard, friend line refers to the length of cord that can be attached or otherwise secured to another person or that person's personal flotation equipment or other objects to keep a user in close proximity to that person or object for locating and thus facilitating rescue. Lift loop refers to equipment that facilitates the manual recovery of a person from the water. Spray nozzle refers to the cap that is brought or placed in front of a user's airways to reduce or eliminate splashing water from waves or the like into the airways, thereby enabling the user to survive harsh water conditions.
The ISO 12402-5 standard describes the safety requirements for buoyancy aids with performance level 50. Applies only to buoyancy aids for adults and children with a body weight of more than 25 kg, used in sheltered waters. Buoyancy aids require the active participation of the user in situations where help and rescue are imminent. Due to their one-piece and two-piece nature, buoyancy suit personal flotation equipment is considered to be qualified as special application devices according to the ISO 12402-6 standard. For the purposes of this standard, protective cover refers to the cover over the functional elements of a personal flotation equipment that is normally in place to protect them from physical damage or entanglement with external objects. Overpressure relief valve refers to the valve that can be used in an inflatable system to prevent the possibility of destruction caused by excessive pressure. Whistle refers to a device that makes an audible sound when blown through the mouth, which can help identify the user's location. Hybrid refers to personal flotation equipment of combined flotation types, that is, natural and inflatable equipment. Bundling refers to the folding or folding of the buoyant core onto itself from its original position in the envelope.
The ISO 12402-6 standard describes safety requirements and additional test methods for special application life jackets and flotation aids (personal flotation equipment) for adults, children or infants. For the purposes of this standard, a status indicator refers to the part or parts of an inflation system that provides user feedback to help keep an inflatable personal flotation equipment in readiness. Adult life jacket refers to personal flotation equipment designed for users with a body mass of more than 40 kg. Baby life jacket refers to the life jacket designed for users whose body weight is less than or equal to 15 kg. Children's personal flotation equipment refers to personal flotation equipment intended for users with a body weight of more than 15 kg and less than or equal to 40 kg. Structural parts, materials, and components refer to parts, materials, or components that are integral to the device and are necessary for the correct operation and performance of the device.
The ISO 12402-7 standard describes minimum requirements for the construction and performance of personal flotation equipment materials and components, as well as related test methods. For the purposes of this standard, coated fabric refers to flexible material consisting of textile fabric and adhesive polymeric material. Cylinder seal indicator refers to the visual display on an inflation system that provides information about the condition of the seal on an installed cylinder. Design inflation range refers to the range of buoyancy and pressure specified by the manufacturer over which a chamber can be inflated to provide its intended in-water performance. Weft refers to the yarn that runs from edge to edge in woven fabrics at right angles from edge to warp. Fill density refers to the mass of the gas charge for gas-filled cylinders or other inflatable media containers, in kilograms, divided by the volume of the inflatable media container.
The ISO 12402-8 standard describes safety requirements and test methods for accessories used for personal flotation equipment.
The ISO 12402-9 standard describes the processes for evaluating personal flotation equipment to meet the requirements of the ISO 12402-2 to ISO 12402-6 standards, which are intended for use with it . The classification of personal flotation equipment used in the ISO 12402 series of standards is included in the annex to the standard. For the purposes of this standard, secondary attachment personal flotation equipment refers to personal flotation equipment that requires additional attachment or adjustment to move the personal flotation equipment from its normal wearing position to its functional position. Vest-type personal flotation equipment refers to personal flotation equipment that covers the user's upper body like a vest. Yoke-type personal flotation equipment refers to personal flotation equipment that is worn behind the neck and secured with a waist belt.
ISO 12402-10 standard describes the requirements and recommendations for the selection and application of personal buoyancy equipment in accordance with the relevant sections of the ISO 12402 standard series, as well as submersible suits according to all sections of the ISO 15027 standard. This standard aims to assist manufacturers, suppliers , users, and regulators in the appropriate selection and application of these suits for the conditions in which they will be used. For the purposes of this standard, a buoyancy loop refers to equipment that facilitates the manual rescue of a person from the water. Sheltered waters refer to water protected from significant breaking waves, currents, or strong winds where the possibility of being swept away or carried away from the shore or a safe place is minimal. Offshore refers to unprotected water in the sea or inland waters that is affected by various threatening conditions such as waves, tides, currents, or wind.
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