Federal Standard 191A Textile Test Methods

Federal Standard 191A Textile Test Methods describes general physical, chemical, and biological methods for testing textile fibers, yarn, other cordage, fabrics, and fabricated textile products for compliance with the requirements of Federal and Military Specifications. However, some methods described in the specifications of the materials to which they are applied are outside the scope of this standard.

This standard has been prepared to eliminate unnecessary or undesirable changes in general procedures. In the event of a conflict between the requirements of this standard and the requirements contained in a specification or other type of tender document at the date of invitation to tender, the tender document or specification shall prevail.

The content of this standard is determined as follows:

• Chapter 1 Scope and content
• Section 2 Definitions: For the purposes of this standard and all purchasing documents referencing herein, the definitions described shall apply.
• Section 3 Sampling and number of samples: Samples shall be taken from the material to be tested as required in the valid purchasing document. The number of samples to be tested for each sample unit shall be as required by the test method, unless specifically stated in the tender document.
• Section 4 Atmospheric conditions for testing: Includes humidity and temperature conditions for testing. Unless otherwise specified in the applicable test method or purchasing document, physical testing of textiles and textile products is carried out under standard atmospheric conditions and on samples in moisture balance under standard atmospheric conditions. The standard atmospheric conditions for testing textiles and textile products are 21 percent plus/minus 1 percent relative humidity at a temperature of 65 degrees plus/minus 2 degree. Moisture balance is considered to have been achieved when the material is checked under standard atmospheric conditions as defined above after being freely exposed to moving air and the change in weight on successive weighings at one hour intervals is not more than 0,252 percent. In the event of disagreement in the test results which may be affected by moisture content, the material shall be preconditioned by bringing it to moisture balance in an atmosphere having a relative humidity not exceeding 10 percent and a temperature not exceeding 52 degrees. The material shall then be brought to moisture balance under standard atmospheric conditions as defined above and then tested.
• Section 5 General notes: This section describes the content of the methods, the importance of dimensional expressions in the methods, and additional documentation.
• Section 6 Numerical index of test methods: This section includes the test method titles based on description (qualitative analysis, quantitative analysis, fibres, yarn, cord, fabrics, cord (rope), garments and finished products).
• Chapter 7 Alphabetical test methods index: In this section, the test methods given in the sixth chapter are listed alphabetically by subject.
• Section 8 Conversion Equivalents: This section covers temperature conversion (Celsius to Fahrenheit scales, Fahrenheit to Celsius scales), percent relative humidity, and metric equivalents. Metric equivalents shown in parentheses throughout the test methods are based on the practices, conversion factors, and symbols specified in the “ASTM E380 Metric practice” standard and are for informational purposes only.
• Chapter 9 Test methods: This chapter defines test methods such as “Identification of wool, mohair, alpaca and silk”, “Identification of cotton, flax, hemp, ramie and jute”, “Identification of manila (abaca), sisal and coir”, “Identification of asbestos”, “Identification of glass”, “Identification of rayon, viscose”, “Identification of rayon, acetate”, “Identification of rayon, cuprammonium” and many more.
• Section 10 Session data, source information, and related agencies: This standard includes and supersedes all provisions of Federal Standard 191 Textile test methods and related notices of amendment. In addition, test procedures have been revised as necessary and the section format for all methods has been standardized to provide a more technically adequate and up-to-date laboratory instrument. New methods have also been incorporated.

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