The standard "ISO 15496 Textiles - Measurement of water vapor permeability of textiles for quality control," developed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), describes a relatively simple method for testing the water vapor permeability of textiles that will provide manufacturers with a clearly recognized method for in-plant quality control. The simple test method described in this standard is not applicable for classifying the water vapor resistance of textiles according to values related to physiological effects specified in product standards, and specifically, for classification according to values related to personal protective equipment.
This method can be used for quality control, but it has some limitations compared to ISO 11092, which provides a more comprehensive and relevant result for assessing water vapor penetration. Further explanation of applicability is provided in the appendix of this standard (Annex A). This standard cannot be used to compare results with other dry desiccant methods because they are not correlated.
For the purposes of this standard, water vapour permeability is the characteristic of a textile material and describes the amount of water vapour that diffuses through the textile per square metre, per hour and per unit difference in water vapour pressure across the textile.
In principle, the sample to be tested is placed in a ring holder with a hydrophobic, microporous membrane that is impermeable to water but highly permeable to water vapor. It is then placed in a water bath to bring the membrane into contact with water. This is then left to stand for 15 minutes. A container containing a saturated potassium acetate solution, which produces a relative humidity of approximately 23 percent on the top surface of the sample, is weighed and then covered with a second piece of the same membrane. The container is then inverted over the sample in the ring holder so that the membrane is in contact with the sample.
There is a net transfer of water vapor from the sample to the beaker. After 15 minutes, the beaker is removed and weighed again. At the same time, a control test without a sample is performed to determine the water vapor permeability of the two membranes (apparatus water vapor permeability). The water vapor permeability of the sample can then be calculated by correcting for the effect of the two membranes.
To begin the test, cut three circular textile samples with a diameter of approximately 180 mm. The membrane used as the sample cover in the sample holder should be approximately 200 mm in diameter. When the sample is inserted into the sample holder, the side facing the body should be in contact with the sample holder membrane during use, unless otherwise specified. The sample and membrane should be secured to the sample holder with a rubber ring, ensuring no wrinkling or damage. There should be no air gap between the sample and the membrane. Prepare a control sample holder containing only the membrane so that the water vapor permeability of the device can be measured.
Each measuring cup is filled with approximately 120 g of saturated potassium acetate solution and then sealed with a circular piece of membrane. To do this, gently tap the sides of the measuring cup with a hot iron or soldering iron, and hold the membrane taut (e.g., using a rubber band). Any excess membrane should be trimmed to allow the contents of the cup to be seen. Before each measurement, the cup seal should be tested for leaks by inverting the cup on a piece of absorbent paper that should not be wet for approximately 3 minutes. The potassium acetate solution should always be saturated (opaque or white) during the test.
In today's world of high-performance apparel and technical textiles, consumer demands for comfort, functionality, and safety are higher than ever. Whether it's sportswear, outdoor gear, or protective uniforms, a fabric's ability to manage moisture is a key factor in its effectiveness. This is where the ISO 15496 standard comes in. This standard provides an international methodology that defines how to evaluate the moisture vapor transmission of textiles.
The primary goal of the ISO 15496 standard is to provide a reliable and repeatable way to measure breathability, a critical property for garments worn during physical activity or in extreme environmental conditions. This is particularly important for:
The ISO 15496 standard provides a framework for evaluating the breathability and moisture management of clothing materials, particularly fabrics used in sportswear, protective clothing, and functional textiles. This standard is considered important for the following reasons:
As a result, the ISO 15496 standard is important as it provides objective measurement of breathability in textiles, which is vital for developing comfortable, safe and high-performance garments, especially in harsh environments.
This standard is recognized and used worldwide. It helps unify textile testing standards across countries and industries, ensuring consistent labeling and consumer expectations.
Our organization, which has been supporting businesses across all sectors for years through a wide range of testing, measurement, analysis, and evaluation activities, boasts a strong team of employees who closely follow global developments in science and technology and are constantly improving themselves. In this context, we also provide testing services in accordance with the "ISO 15496 Textiles - Measurement of water vapor permeability of textiles for quality control" standard.
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