The ISO 9073 standard, published by the International Standards Organization (ISO), consists of the following subsections under the main title "Textiles - Test methods for non-woven fabrics":
The ISO 9073-1 standard describes a method for measuring the area and mass of a test piece and calculating its mass per unit area in grams per square metre. This part of the ISO 9073 standard specifies the following alternative requirements to those listed in the ISO 3801 standard:
The ISO 9073-2 standard describes methods for determining the thickness of normal and bulky non-woven textiles under a certain pressure. It is accepted that non-woven fabrics have technological features not only with textile products, but also with paper or plastic products. Meanwhile, there is another textile testing method for determining the thickness (ISO 5084). However, to meet the specific needs of nonwovens, this part of the ISO 9073 standard specifies the following alternative requirements to those listed in the ISO 5084 standard:
The ISO 9073-3 standard defines a method that involves applying a longitudinal force at a constant elongation rate to a test piece of a given length and width and determining the breaking strength and elongation values from the recorded force-elongation curve. To meet the specific needs of nonwovens, the following requirements have been established in this part of the ISO 9073 standard as an alternative to those listed in the ISO 5081 standard:
The ISO 9073-4 standard describes a method for determining the tear resistance of nonwoven fabrics by the trapezoidal method. This method is applicable for non-woven fabrics. A fixed ratio extension testing machine is a tensile testing machine in which one gripper is stationary while the other moves at a constant speed throughout the test, and the entire testing system is virtually free from deviation.
The ISO 9073-5 standard describes a method for determining the resistance to mechanical penetration of nonwovens by a ball of a given diameter. This method is primarily intended for use on nonwovens with a degree of elasticity for which a regular burst test cannot be applied. Nonwoven fabric is fabric made directly from a fiber web, without the necessary yarn preparation for weaving and knitting.
The ISO 9073-6 standard describes the following methods for evaluating some aspects of the behavior of nonwovens in the presence of liquids: liquid absorption time, liquid absorption capacity and liquid wicking rate (capillarity). The tests do not apply to any fabric containing superabsorbent materials. Liquid absorbency time is the time required for a sample of absorbent material to be completely wetted by the test liquid, that is, for a liquid to be absorbed into its interior under certain conditions. The liquid absorbent capacity is the mass of liquid absorbed by the unit mass of the test absorber, expressed as a percentage of the mass of the test absorbent, under certain conditions and after a certain period of time.
The ISO 9073-7 standard describes a method for determining the bend length of nonwoven fabrics. This method is not applicable to composites and laminates. The bend length is the length of a rectangular strip of fabric that will bend under its own weight at an angle of 7,1 degrees, with one end fixed and the other free.
The ISO 9073-8 standard describes a method for measuring the transit time of liquid (simulated urine) for nonwovens. This method does not simulate the conditions of use for finished products. Other international standards applicable to textile, paper, plastic, rubber or other materials can also be applied to test certain nonwoven properties.
The ISO 9073-9 standard describes a test method for determining the casting coefficient of fabrics (non-woven, woven and knitted fabrics). Drapability is the ability of a circular fabric sample of known size to deform when suspended under certain conditions.
The ISO 9073-10 standard describes a test method for measuring the lint of dry nonwovens. This method is also applied to other textile materials.
ISO 9073-11 standard for measuring the amount of test fluid (simulated urine) flowing down a nonwoven test piece when a specified mass of test fluid is poured onto a nonwoven test piece superimposed on a standard absorbent medium and an inclined plane and placed on a nonwoven test piece. test methods are described. This test method is not intended to simulate the conditions of use of finished products. The standard offers three alternative methods:
The ISO 9073-12 standard describes a method for evaluating the absorbency of fabrics when one side is in contact with a liquid and the fabric is under mechanical pressure. This test is designed to allow comparison of absorbent materials such as non-woven fabrics and is not intended to simulate the use conditions of finished products.
The ISO 9073-13 standard describes a method for measuring transit time for each of three subsequent doses of liquid (simulated urine) applied to the surface of a test piece of nonwoven cover. This test method is intended for quality control and is designed for comparison of transit time for different stocks of nonwoven cover.
The ISO 9073-14 standard describes a test method for examining the ability of diaper cover stock to resist the back transport onto the skin of a liquid that has already penetrated the cover stock. This method corresponds to the repeated liquid transit time described in the ISO 9073-13 standard. This test method is for quality control and is designed for recoil comparison for different nonwoven stocks and processes.
The ISO 9073-15 standard describes a method for measuring the airflow that passes vertically through a given area of a fabric. This method is applicable to most nonwovens, such as treated or untreated laminates.
The ISO 9073-16 standard describes the hydrostatic pressure test, which measures the resistance of nonwoven fabrics to water penetration under various hydrostatic head pressures. This method is applicable to any non-woven fabric intended to be used as a barrier against the penetration of liquids.
The ISO 9073-17 standard describes a method for measuring the resistance of fabrics to water penetration by impact. The water penetration (spray impact) test is applied to fabrics that are expected to exhibit some degree of water resistance or water repellency. The results obtained with this method depend on the water repellency of the fibers or the treatment applied to the finished material as well as the construction of the material.
The ISO 9073-18 standard describes a grip tensile test procedure to determine the breaking strength and elongation of most nonwovens. Contains instructions for testing wet samples. This method is applicable to most nonwovens, but is not recommended for high stretch nonwovens.
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