TS 4739 Methods of Identifying Textile Fibers

In the TS 4739 standard developed by the Turkish Standards Institute (TSE), methods for the identification of textile fibers by physical, chemical and microscopic means are explained. In the preparation of this standard, the following standard published by the International Standards Organization (ISO) is based: ISO 1833 Textile - Quantitative chemical analysis. Part I of this standard provides a common method for the quantitative chemical analysis of various fiber blends. The methods described in other sections are generally applied to fibers in any form of textile.

Textile fibers are mainly grouped into three classes: natural fibers, mineral fibers and synthetic fibers. Natural fibers come from animal, vegetable and mineral sources. For example, it includes vegetable fibers such as flax, hemp and cotton, and animal fibers such as wool and silk. Asbestos and glass are among the mineral fibers. Synthetic fibers are regenerated cellulosic fibers (eg viscose) and synthetic fibers (eg polyester).

The fibers have a structure of long chain molecules at least 100 times their diameter and are flexible units 10-200 microns in diameter. Synthetic fibers are composed of polymers.

Among the methods of identifying textile fibers, there are many different test methods such as combustion test, microscopic test, solubility test, optical test, density test. These tests, performed in advanced laboratories, allow fibers to be identified under certain conditions:

• With the microscopic identification test, many natural fibers are positively identified using a microscope.
• The solubility test is applied to determine the chemical structure of polymers in a fiber and the basic solubility properties of the fiber.
• The heating and combustion properties test, the reaction of the fibers to the heat from an open flame and the identification of the fibers in this respect. is applied for.
• Density or specific gravity testing is used to help identify the fiber.
• The dyeing test is applied to determine different dyeing properties and affinities depending on the chemical and morphological structure of the fiber.

Textile fiber identification information is important in terms of recognizing the fiber type of the manufacturers and the properties of fabrics made from a certain fiber type. It is an important factor for labeling garments, which includes specifying the fiber content in the garment.

Our organization, among the numerous test, measurement, analysis and evaluation studies it provides for businesses in various sectors, also provides testing services in accordance with the methods of identifying textile fibers within the scope of the TS 4739 standard, with its trained and expert staff and advanced technological equipment.