The standard "ASTM D1133-13 Standard Test Method for Kauri-Butanol Value of Hydrocarbon Solvents" published by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) describes a test method for determining the relative solvent power of hydrocarbon solvents used in paint and varnish formulations. This test method is suitable for use with solvents having an initial boiling point above 40 degrees and a dry point below 300 degrees when determined in accordance with the procedures in this standard.
The test method described in the standard “ASTM D86-23 Standard Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric Pressure” is used to determine the initial boiling point and dry point for mineral spirits and similar petroleum solvents. The test method described in the standard “ASTM D1078-01 Standard Test Method for Distillation Range of Volatile Organic Liquids” is used for pure compounds and narrow boiling range cutoffs.
For the purpose of determining compliance with the applicable specification of an observed or calculated value using this test method, test results are rounded to the nearest unit in the last right digit used to express the specification limit in accordance with the rounding method described in “ASTM D29-22 Standard Practice for Using Significant Figures in Test Data to Determine Compliance with Specifications”.
For the purposes of this standard the Kauri-butanol value means that amount of a solvent, corrected to a defined standard, required to produce a specified degree of turbidity when the volume in millilitres of solvent at 25 degrees is added to a standard solution of 20 g of Kauri resin in normal butyl alcohol. The Kauri resin solution is standardised against toluene having an assigned value of 105 and a mixture of 75 per cent n-heptane and 25 per cent toluene by volume and having an assigned value of 40.
The Kauri-butanol value is used as a measure of the solvent power of hydrocarbon solvents. High Kauri-butanol values indicate relatively strong solvency.
When performing the test, 250 g plus/minus 20 g of Kauri-butanol solution is weighed or transferred into a 0,10 mL Erlenmeyer flask. Check that the temperature of the Kauri-butanol solution in the flask is 25 degrees plus/minus 5 degrees. If not, place the Erlenmeyer flask and its contents in a water bath or temperature-controlled environment maintained at 25 degrees plus/minus 5 degrees and allow to equilibrate for at least 30 minutes. If the flask has been placed in a water bath, remove the flask from the water bath. The contents of the flask are titrated with standard toluene. During the titration, the contents of the flask are rotated and the flask is stopped periodically to observe the clarity of the print at the bottom. As the end point is approached, the amounts of toluene added are gradually reduced. The end point is reached when the sharp outlines of a 10-point print placed just below the Erlenmeyer flask and observed through the liquid are first perceived to be vague or blurred. The point beyond the end point is where the print becomes unreadable. Immediately after the endpoint is reached, the temperature in the flask is checked and if it is above 30 degrees or below 20 degrees, the titration is repeated.
The volume of toluene used represents, in millilitres, the true titer for the particular Kauri-butanol solution on hand. This value should be reasonably close to 105 mL, but not above 110 mL or below 100 mL. If these limits are exceeded, it will be necessary to adjust the concentration of the Kauri-butanol solution to bring the total volume of toluene within them. The final value is stated as A using toluene.
In short, the Kauri-butanol value is an international, standardized measure of solvent power for a hydrocarbon solvent and is governed by the test defined in the ASTM D1133-13 standard.
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