In the European standard "EN 14693 Flexible sheets for waterproofing - Waterproofing of concrete bridge decks and other concrete surfaces that vehicles can pass - Determination of the behavior of waterproofing sheets during mastic asphalt application", it is applied to bituminous sheets intended to be used with the mastic asphalt layer. This standard describes a test method for evaluating the resistance of bituminous layers to the rise of the bitumen compound during the non-floating application of mastic asphalt. This standard can also be used for bituminous sheets intended for use as a protection layer in combination with other types of asphalt.
Mastic asphalt is widely used as flat roof waterproofing. It can be applied to create a continuous waterproof coating on flat, curved or curved surfaces and can be applied over round pipes, roof lights and other protrusions.
There is a long-standing tradition in some European countries of providing a mastic asphalt wearing course to highways with heavy traffic. This type of pavement has proven to be highly resistant to ruts, weather effects and special traffic lanes and heavy vehicles. The abrasive mastic asphalt layer is applied with a thickness starting from 25 mm (normal traffic) up to a maximum of 40 mm (heavy traffic). The composition obviously depends on the type of traffic. The content and type of the binder are especially important here. Mastic asphalt is placed manually or mechanically at the desired thickness with specially designed laying machines.
Bridge deck coatings must comply with many conditions such as water resistance, stability against deformation, wrinkling, smoothness, wear and the like. The cladding must protect the underlying supporting structure against external factors, and therefore this largely determines the lifespan of the construction. It must withstand heavy traffic load and weather conditions. When the supporting structure is made of concrete, it must be protected against the effects of de-icing salt. The coating on steel bridge decks has a protection function against corrosion.
It has been sufficiently proven in the past that the immediate reopening of the road on a concrete bridge deck without an asphalt coating is not possible in the long term for various reasons. Bituminous pavement, on the other hand, has proven to be particularly suitable as a result of its viscoelastic properties. In fact, by laying relatively thin pavements it becomes possible to design and build bridges economically because the permanent load of the pavement is limited.
Conventional asphalt pavement cannot be bonded directly to a concrete or steel base and is not waterproof, so an intermediate waterproofing layer is required. As a rule, this waterproofing layer should cover the entire surface of the bridge deck. Due to possible creep, nowadays waterproofing layers must be placed in a way that they completely adhere to the structure.
To make a structure completely waterproof, a double-layer system is absolutely necessary. In fact, possible local defects cannot be excluded. Possible faults can be eliminated by applying a second coat, thus a waterproof system is obtained.
The most common construction system for concrete bridge decks, as well as some steel bridge decks, consists of:
In some cases, the bituminous sheet is replaced by a liquid resin system.
For various reasons, a traditional asphalt concrete layer is preferred in some countries to protect the waterproofing layer. The road coating, consisting of mastic asphalt or hot rolled asphalt, is then placed on top of the protective layer.
Among the numerous testing, measurement, analysis and evaluation studies carried out for businesses in various sectors, our organization, with its trained and expert staff and advanced technological equipment, has established "EN 14693 Flexible sheets for waterproofing - Waterproofing of concrete bridge decks and other concrete surfaces that vehicles can pass through - It also provides testing services defined in the standard "Determination of the behavior of waterproofing boards during mastic asphalt application".
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