“ISO 12625 Tissue paper and tissue products” published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO).
In principle, a perforated tissue paper or tissue product piece of specific dimensions is stretched until it breaks at a constant elongation rate in the machine direction using a tensile testing device that measures and records the tensile force as a function of the test piece's elongation. The tensile strength is calculated from the recorded data. Measurements are taken on both perforated and non-perforated tissue product sections to determine the perforation efficiency.
Measurement of the thickness of a tissue paper test piece sampled during the production process or a tissue product supplied as a finished product. The measurement is taken as the distance between a fixed reference plate on which the sample rests and a parallel pressure foot applying a specific load to the area being tested.
In principle, a tissue paper or tissue paper product test piece of specific dimensions is stretched until it breaks at a constant elongation rate using a tensile testing machine that measures and records the tensile force as a function of the test piece's elongation. From the recorded data, the tensile strength, the corresponding elongation at maximum force, and the tensile energy absorption can be calculated. The test can be performed with a vertical or horizontal tensile strength testing machine.
Currently, two types of tensile strength testing machines are commercially available, one with the test piece positioned vertically and the other horizontally. This standard applies to both. In a vertical tensile strength testing machine, a device called a Finch Cup, held in the lower clamp of the tensile strength testing machine, is used to ensure wetting. In a horizontal tensile strength testing machine, the wetting device is placed between the clamps. For situations where the determination of impurities and contrasts is required, the ISO 15755 standard applies to these determinations in tissue paper and tissue paper products.
In principle, a tissue or product test piece of specific dimensions is immersed in water for a specific period under certain conditions, then stretched (stretched) until it breaks at a constant elongation rate using a tensile strength testing device that measures and records the tensile force as a function of the test piece's elongation. The test can be performed with a vertical or horizontal tensile strength testing device. For a vertical tensile strength testing device, a device called a Finch Cup, attached to the bottom clamp, is used to wet the test pieces. For a horizontal tensile strength testing device, a wetting cup is placed between the clamps. The persistence of the wet tensile strength can be calculated from the wet tensile strength and the dry-conditioned tensile strength of the same sample.
In principle, the mass and area of one or more test pieces are measured, and the grammage is calculated as the mass per unit area of the measured test pieces. For finished paper products, the grammage can also be calculated from the mass and area of a specific number of finished tissue product pieces.
The properties referred to as ISO brightness and color (C/2 degree) (indoor daylight) are measured with a device set to a much lower UV content than that specified in this standard. ISO brightness and color (C/2 degree) (indoor daylight) measurements are described in the ISO 12625-15 standard.
In principle, a test piece is diffusely illuminated in a standard device, and the light reflected perpendicularly to the surface is passed through a defined optical filter and measured by a photodetector or a series of light-sensitive diodes, each diode responding to a different effective wavelength. Brightness is then determined by calculating it directly from the photodetector output or from the light-sensitive diode outputs using an appropriate weighting function, and color coordinates are calculated for D65/10 degree conditions.
In principle, a test piece of tissue paper or tissue paper product is placed in a cylindrical basket and submerged in water under its own weight. The time required for the test piece to be completely wet is measured, and then the mass of water absorbed is determined under specified conditions, after a specified immersion time followed by a specific drainage time.
Currently, two types of compression devices are available on the market with two different diameters: one with a diameter of 50 mm and the other with a diameter of 89 mm. This standard applies to a 50 mm compression device that can measure all tissue paper and tissue product sample sizes and complies with the ISO 12625-11 standard.
In principle, the test consists of measuring the resistance force of a highly polished stainless steel blasting ball that penetrates perpendicularly into a tissue test piece sandwiched between two concentric rings, moving at a constant speed.
This standard has been tested for demand absorption rates up to 0,35 g/s and water absorption capacity of 10 grams per gram of paper. During testing, test pieces are placed on a fiber strip. This standard does not apply to products hanging from the strip. It is clearly stated that the direction of impurities and contrasts in tissue paper and tissue paper products should be applied according to the ISO 15755 standard. The ISO 287 standard should be applied for determining the moisture content in tissue paper and tissue paper products.
In principle, a tissue paper or tissue product test piece is circumferentially tightly compressed between two concentric ring-shaped loops, then moistened with deionized water and subjected to a perpendicular force applied by a ball made of a rigid, non-deformable material moving at a constant speed.
In principle, a test piece of perforated tissue paper or handkerchief product of specific dimensions is stretched until fracture at a constant elongation rate in the machine direction using a tensile testing device that measures and records the tensile force as a function of the test piece's elongation. The tensile strength is calculated from the recorded data. Measurements are taken on both perforated and non-perforated tissue product sections to determine the perforation efficiency.
This standard also provides recommendations for measuring the intrinsic reflectance factor (brightness) for different tissue paper and tissue paper products, and gives specific instructions for the preparation of samples (single-layer and multi-layer products) and the optical measurement of creped and stamped products. Special precautions may be required if the surface of the samples is irregular or if the material is particularly bulky and air can be trapped between the layers.
In principle, a test piece is diffusely illuminated in a standard device, and the light reflected perpendicularly to the surface is passed through a defined optical filter and measured by a photodetector or a series of light-sensitive diodes, each diode responding to a different effective wavelength. Brightness is then determined by calculating it directly from the photodetector output or from the light-sensitive diode outputs using an appropriate weighting function, and color coordinates are calculated for C/2 degree conditions.
This standard contains specific instructions for preparing test pieces of single-ply and multi-ply products where special preparation/procedures may be required. It can be used to determine the opacity of tissue paper and tissue products containing fluorescent whitening agents, provided that the UV content of the radiation incident on the test piece is adjusted to correspond to the value in CIE illuminant C, using a fluorescence reference standard provided by an authorized laboratory. This standard does not apply to colored tissue paper and tissue products containing fluorescent dyes or pigments.
In principle, the gloss factor of a single tissue or tissue paper product on a black surface and the intrinsic gloss factor of the tissue or tissue paper product are determined. Opacity is calculated as the ratio of these two gloss factor values.
In principle, a tissue paper or tissue product test piece is placed in a beaker and shaken in water for 30 seconds, 2 minutes, and 10 minutes using a propeller rotating at a constant speed. After shaking, the contents of the beaker are poured onto a specified sieve, and any residues on the sieve are collected and analyzed gravimetrically to determine the percentages of degradation after each shaking cycle.
In principle, a needle is applied to a test piece with a contact force of 50 mN. As the sample plate passes the side of the needle for a distance of 30 mm at a constant speed of 1 mm/s, friction profiles of the coefficient of friction are created according to the scan length. From the friction profile, the average coefficient of friction and the average deviation are calculated.
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