The "DIN 52619 Thermal insulation tests - Determination of the thermal resistance and heat transfer coefficient of windows" standard developed by the German Institute for Standardization (DIN) essentially consisted of the following three standards under the same title:
The first two of these standards were later withdrawn.
The test procedure described in the DIN 52619-3 standard is used to determine the thermal resistance of window frames, window walls and French doors. This procedure does not apply to individual frame profiles, which in practice are used only in combination. The calculated heat transfer coefficient is used only for classification into the frame material group according to the standard “DIN 4108-4 Thermal insulation and energy economy in buildings - Part 4: Hygrothermal design values”.
Thermal performance is one of the most important issues in windows. The lower the thermal performance value, the higher the thermal performance of the window. If the thermal performance (thermal resistance) of the windows is good, the heat from the room does not reach the outer glass and the outer glass becomes cold, which means that room heat is saved.
Thermal resistance is a measurement of a material or component's resistance to heat flow. It is the equivalent of thermal conductivity, which is the ability to conduct heat.
The heat transfer coefficient of a window represents the amount of heat lost from a building element to the outside air. The lower this value, the better it is for the energy efficiency of the building.
The heat transfer coefficient value depends on various factors. The three main factors affecting this value are the window frame, insulating glass unit and glass edge. The proportions of the window frame and the insulating glass unit are each considered a product of their specific values and respective areas. Because heat loss obviously occurs over the entire surface area separating the inside and outside of the window. The formula used also takes into account the glass edge as a third factor, i.e. the heat loss at the edge of the insulating glass unit. This is calculated as the product of the length of the glass edge and the linear heat transfer coefficient associated with the pseudo-length. The calculated value expresses the heat loss resulting from the interaction of the frame, glass and spacer bar. If this is thermally improved, the thermal bridge in the transition area from the glass to the frame or façade profile is minimized, saving heating or cooling energy. It also means that the surface temperature around the glass inside the room remains higher, which reduces the hygienic risk of condensation and mold growth.
In short, a window's heat transfer coefficient is a parameter that shows how much energy is lost per square meter of a room if the temperature on one side of the room is 1 K lower than the temperature on the other side. In other words, this heat transfer coefficient determines the amount of heat lost when the difference between the outside and inside air temperatures is 1 K. The lower the coefficient value, the better, meaning that window use is associated with low heat loss. A window is a structure composed of several different materials. Therefore, the total heat transfer coefficient is calculated as the sum of the heat transfer coefficients of all the elements that make up the window.
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