The standard “PSA D45 5403 Deformation of felts and cellular materials under constant pressure”, developed by the French automobile company Renault, describes the conditions to be observed when performing a deformation test under constant pressure on felts, cellular materials or any material in the form of thick sheets (e.g. floor covering, trunk lining and the like).
This test method consists in principle of compressing a sample of the material to be examined, subjecting it to certain temperature and humidity conditions, and then measuring its deformation after the compressive stress is removed.
The main equipment used in these tests includes:
Test samples should be representative of the scale to be characterized. To ensure this representation, it is necessary to find out the basic characteristics of the population under study. Selection criteria for test samples should be stated in the test report in accordance with the PSA A10 0156 standard. In case of doubt about sampling, PSA should be contacted for the rules to be followed.
When preparing test samples, 100 test samples of 100 mm x 1 mm, plus/minus 4 mm are taken and kept in the conditioned storage for 24 hours plus/minus 10 minutes.
When performing the test, the nominal thickness of each test specimen is measured in accordance with the PSA D45 1195 standard. Each test specimen is placed on the fixture support plate and compressed by the moving plate plus additional mass to a compression mass of 5000 g plus/minus 5 g or any value specified in the documentation. The additional mass is placed so that the plates are parallel.
According to the requirements of this standard, the test specimen and fixture assembly are subjected to one of two ageing tests:
A minimum of 2 test specimens are provided per test. After test A or B, the test specimens are removed from the fixtures and placed on a flat surface in the enclosure for the specified time before measuring. If not indicated, the relaxation time shall be 15 minutes plus/minus 2 minutes, followed by 7 days plus/minus 30 minutes for the test specimens. The thickness on each test specimen is measured again.
Deformation under constant pressure is calculated as a percentage using the formula given in the standard. The average of the results obtained from at least two test samples is calculated. If the difference between the results is more than 20 percent, the test is repeated.
In addition to the results obtained, the test report should also state:
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