Stress corrosion cracking is a time-dependent process that begins with the premature rupture of a metallurgically sensitive material due to the interaction of a corrosive medium and the constant tensile stress on the metal surface. The tensile stress may be residual stress from heat treatment or the manufacture of the metal, may be developed by external loading, or be a combination of these conditions.
Stress corrosion cracking is a cracking phenomenon caused by the combined action of a tensile stress and the presence of a certain corrosive medium. For such cracks to occur on a structure, three conditions must be met simultaneously: a certain crack promoting environment must be present, the structure of the material must be susceptible to stress corrosion cracking, and tensile stresses must be above certain threshold values.
Stress corrosion cracking can cause sudden failures, often without any prior warning. Many different mechanisms have been proposed to prevent this, but these mechanisms generally fall into two groups: anodic dissolution mechanisms and cathodic mechanisms. The parameters controlling stress corrosion cracking are material, environmental, and mechanical parameters.
When stress corrosion cracking is suspected, metallurgical analyzes are required to determine the extent and extent of the problems. Stress corrosion cracking is a common and dangerous form of cracking that is caused by a combination of environments that cause it. Stresses can arise for a variety of reasons, including welding, physical damage, shaping, machining, grinding, heat treatment, and operating stresses. In combination with corrosive environments, stress corrosion cracks can occur in a wide variety of industrial metals and materials.
Here are a few international standards referenced in tests performed in advanced laboratories:
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