Vickers hardness test method, which is a test method developed to measure the hardness of materials used in various industries, is used in most cases to determine the hardness of materials in the microhardness test load range. However, this test is generally used when testing the hardness of thin layers such as coatings or to overcome cracking in brittle materials. In the Vickers hardness test, which is an optical method, the size of the trace (diagonals) left by the indentation is measured.
The Vickers hardness test was designed in 1921 as an alternative to the Brinell test method to measure the hardness of materials, and this test is generally easier to use than other hardness tests. Because the necessary calculations are independent of the indentation size, the indentation is used for all materials, regardless of hardness.
The mainstay of this test, as in other hardness determination tests, is a material's ability to resist plastic deformation from a standard source. This method is applied for all kinds of metal materials and has one of the widest scales among hardness tests.
The larger the trace left by the indentation on the surface of a material at a defined test force, the softer the material under test.
The ISO 6507 standard, developed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), consists of four sections under the main heading "Metallic materials - Vickers hardness test":
This standard defines the Vickers hardness test method for three different test force ranges for metallic materials, including hard metals and other sintered carbides.
The Vickers hardness test is designed for indentation diagonal lengths from 0,020 mm to 1400 mm. Using this method to determine Vickers hardness from small indentations is not considered appropriate as results will be affected by large uncertainties due to optical measurement limitations and imperfections in tip geometry.
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