ASTM D3763-15 Standard Test Method for High-Speed ​​Puncture Properties of Plastics Using Load and Displacement Sensors

The standard "ASTM D3763-15 Standard test method for high-speed puncture properties of plastics using load and displacement sensors" developed by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) describes a test method for determining the puncture properties of rigid plastics under a range of test speeds. The test data obtained by this test method are relevant and suitable for use in engineering design.

For the purposes of this standard, the terms and definitions given in “ASTM D883-22 Standard terminology for plastics” and “ASTM D1600-18 Standard terminology for abbreviated terms for plastics” are valid.

This test method is primarily designed to provide the load-deformation response of plastics to impact velocities under multiaxial deformation conditions. This test method also provides a measure of the velocity sensitivity of the material to impact.

The multiaxial impact response, although partially thickness dependent, is not necessarily linearly correlated with specimen thickness. Therefore, unless specific response-thickness formulas have been established for the material, results should only be compared for specimens of substantially the same thickness.

For many materials, there may be a specification that requires the use of this test method, but there may be some procedural changes that take precedence when complying with the specification. Therefore, it is recommended that the material specification be consulted before using this test method.

The machine used in the tests shall consist of two assemblies, one fixed and the other driven by a suitable method (hydraulic, pneumatic, mechanical or gravity power) to obtain the required impact velocity.

• The clamp assembly consists of two parallel rigid plates, each with a 76,0 mm plus/minus 3,0 mm diameter hole in the center. The hole edges shall be rounded to a radius of 0,8 mm plus/minus 0,4 mm. Sufficient force shall be applied (mechanically, pneumatically, or hydraulically) to prevent the specimen from slipping in the clamp during impact.
• The piston assembly consists of a 12,70 mm plus/minus 0,13 mm diameter steel rod with a hemispherical end of the same diameter, positioned perpendicular to and centered in the clamp bore.
• The dimensions given in this standard must be standard geometry. If other piston or bore dimensions are used, these must be highlighted in the report. Correlations between the various geometries have not been determined.
• The load sensing system is a load cell with a sufficiently high natural resonant frequency, which is used with a calibration network to adjust the load sensitivity.
• A piston displacement measuring system is a means of monitoring the displacement of a moving assembly during loading and full penetration of the specimen. This can be accomplished by using a suitable transducer or potentiometer directly connected to the system. Photographic or optical systems can also be used to measure displacement. Alternatively, displacement can be calculated as a function of the velocity and total available energy in the initial stroke, together with the load increments versus time, using a microprocessor. Some machines use an accelerometer, the output of which is used to calculate both load and displacement.
• Any display and recording device can be used to display and record data developed from load and displacement sensing systems, as long as the response characteristics are sufficient to provide the sensed data with minimal distortion. The recording device records the load and displacement simultaneously. The most primitive device is a cathode-ray oscilloscope with a camera. This approach also requires a polarimeter or other suitable device that can measure the area under the incident load-displacement trace with 65 percent accuracy. More advanced systems are commercially available. Many of these include computerized data reduction and automatic output of the results.

Specimens should be large enough to be adequately gripped in the clamp. In general, the minimum lateral dimension should be at least 13 mm greater than the diameter of the hole in the clamp. Specimens may be cut from injection-molded, extruded or compression-molded sheet metal, or cast or molded to size.

Unless otherwise specified in a contract or applicable ASTM material specification, test specimens shall be conditioned in accordance with Procedure A of ASTM D618. Unless otherwise specified in a contract or applicable ASTM material specification, temperature and humidity tolerances shall be in accordance with this standard and ASTM D618. Tests shall be conducted at the same temperature and humidity used for conditioning with tolerances in accordance with this standard. By varying the conditioning and test temperature in a controlled manner for a given test rate, the temperature at which the transition from ductility to brittleness occurs can be determined for most plastics.

To facilitate high throughput outside of ambient temperature during automated testing, it is often necessary to stack samples in a column with no air flow between them. To ensure compliance with ASTM D618, the time to reach equilibrium for a particular material must be determined. A thermocouple can be placed in the center of a stack of samples whose height is equal to its minimum width. The time to reach equilibrium at the desired test temperature is determined.

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