KIA MS220-90 Quality of Exterior Parts Made of Thermoplastic Polyolefin Material

The “KIA MS220-90 Quality of exterior parts made of thermoplastic polyolefin material” standard, developed by Hyundai-Kia Motors Corporation, the oldest motor vehicle manufacturer in Korea, describes a procedure for determining the quality of vehicle exterior parts made of recycled thermoplastic polyolefin (TPO) material produced through an environmentally friendly recycling process.

The environmentally friendly recycling process refers to the entire process of producing recycled material from automotive parts collected by Hyundai and Kia motor companies' closed-loop recycling system. Authorized recyclable automotive waste is defined in the table provided in the standard. This process consists of crushing, removing painted coating, cleaning and hardening, and restores its original properties without additional environmental pollution.

External parts made of thermoplastic polyolefin material are used for external parts as shown in the table titled “Application and notation” given in the standard:

• Type A: A/S bumper cover, BHMC/DYK/HMI bumper cover, bottom cover, wheel guard
• Type B: Wheel guard
• Type C: Bumper trim, bumper grille
• Type D: Threshold edge molding
• Type E: Mudguard
• Type F: Wheel guard
• Type G: Wheel guard

The general requirements in this standard are described as follows:

• Parts using this material must comply with all requirements of the relevant assembly performance standard.
• The chemical composition and processing conditions should not be changed inappropriately, which may affect the quality of the parts.
• Before changing the chemical composition of the material, it is mandatory to consult with the materials and quality control departments.
• Final parts made from this material must be free from defects, uneven shine, burn marks, warpage, silver streak, cracks, uneven color, flow marks, weld lines, sink marks or other defects.

This material is tested by the methods defined in the standard and must comply with the conditions specified in the table.

In general, the standard condition of the laboratory in the tests is 23 degrees plus/minus 2 degrees temperature and 50 percent plus/minus 5 percent relative humidity. The samples are tested on the samples immediately after a conditioning period of at least 48 hours in the standard condition specified above, at least 24 hours after molding.

The following standards are followed for melt index:

• “ISO 1133 Plastics - Determination of melt mass flow rate (MFR) and melt volume flow rate (MVR) of thermoplastics”.
• “ASTM D1238-10 Standard test method for melt flow rates of thermoplastics by extrusion plastometer”.

The following standards are followed for specific gravity:

• “ISO 1183-1 Plastics - Methods for determining the density of non-cellular plastics - Part 1: Immersion method, liquid pycnometer method and titration method”.
• “ASTM D1505-18 Standard test method for density of plastics based on density gradient”.

The following standards are followed for tensile strength and elongation:

• “ISO 527-1 Plastics - Determination of tensile properties”.

The following standards are followed for sample type:

• “ISO 3167 Plastics - Multi-purpose test specimens” (specimen type Type A, test speed 50 mm/min).
• “ASTM D638-14 Standard test method for tensile properties of plastics” (specimen type Type 1, test speed: 50 mm/min).

The following standards are followed for flexural strength and modulus:

• “ISO 178 Plastics - Determination of flexural properties” (specimen size 80,0 × 10,0 × 4,0 mm, span length 64 mm, test speed: 2 mm/min).
• “ASTM D 790 Standard test methods for flexural properties of unreinforced and reinforced plastics and electrical insulating materials” (specimen size 127,0 × 12,7 × 6,4 mm, test speed: 30 mm/min).

The following standards are complied with for Izod impact resistance:

• “ISO 180 Plastics - Determination of Izod impact strength” (sample type Type A, sample size 80 × 10 × 4,0 mm (notched), hammer 2,94 J).
• “ASTM D256-23 Standard test methods for determining the Izod pendulum impact resistance of plastics” (specimen size 63,5 × 12,7 × 6,4 mm (notched), hammer 2,94 J).

The following standards are followed for thermal distortion temperature:

• “ISO 75-1 Plastics - Determination of deflection temperature under load” sample size 80 × 10 × 4,0 mm, flat method, tensile load: 0,45 MPa)”.
• “ASTM D648-06 Standard test method for deflection temperature of plastics under bending load in axial position” specimen size 127 × 12,7 × 6,4 mm, tension load 0,45 MPa”.

The following standards are followed for Shore hardness:

• “ASTM D2240-15 Standard test method for rubber property - Durometer hardness”.
• “ISO 868 Plastics and ebonite - Determination of indentation hardness by means of a durometer (Shore hardness)”

The following standard is followed for weatherability testing:

• “KIA MS210-06 Molded plastic parts - Outdoor use”.

The following standard is followed for the impact resistance test:

• “KIA MS 210-06 Molded plastic parts - Outdoor use)”.

The following standard is followed for Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) :

• FTIR spectroscopy: Attenuated total reflection, measuring range 4.000 ~ 650 cm-1, scanning number 32 times).

The following standards are followed for the thermal gravimetric analyzer (TGA):

• “ISO 11358 Plastics - Thermogravimetry (TG) of polymers”.
• “ASTM E1131-08 Standard test method for compositional analysis by thermogravimetry” (heating rate 20 degree/min, temperature range room temperature ~ 850 degree).

The following standards are followed for differential scanning calorimetry (DSC):

• “ISO 11357 Plastics - Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)”
• “ASTM D3418-21 Standard test method for transition temperatures and enthalpies of fusion and crystallization of polymers by differential scanning calorimetry” (heating and cooling rate 20 degrees/min).

Our organization has a strong staff that closely follows the developments in the world in the field of science and technology and constantly improves itself. Among the numerous test, measurement, analysis and evaluation studies provided for businesses in various sectors, there are also test services in accordance with the "KIA MS220-90 Quality of external parts manufactured from thermoplastic polyolefin material" standard.