The standard “MAN 321 Plastics - Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) - Material delivery conditions” developed by the automotive company MAN describes the material delivery conditions for acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS).
ABS is a two-phase plastic system composed of styrene/acrylonitrile copolymer (the solid, impact-resistant phase) and butadiene (the elastomeric phase). ABS/PC is a thermoplastic blend of ABS (the main component) and PC (polycarbonate). This blend has high heat and impact resistance.
The ABS 2 component system consists of two different molded masses structured in a layered manner. This consists of a deep-drawn material consisting of a base layer and superior outer layers with a high-quality surface.
Typical application areas of ABS materials are areas where impact-resistant plastics must be used, with the usage temperature and maximum temperature values specified in the table given in the standard.
In general, only new molding materials should be used for the production of semi-finished products and parts. Recycled or reconditioned molds may be used only in exceptional cases and only after inspection by authorized bodies.
In terms of burning behavior, all types shown in the table must meet the minimum requirements of the FMVSS 302 standard. The burning behavior of materials is generally regulated in the MAN M 3594 standard. Components (materials) of bus sections subject to the fire protection requirements of the latest UN/ECE R118 standard must be marked on the drawing in accordance with the MAN M 3056-2 standard. All other requirements within the scope of the relevant standard type must also be met. Documentation regarding burning behavior must be provided by the component supplier or raw material manufacturer.
Drawings of semi-finished parts / structural parts / modules / systems used in buses must be marked in the documentation as “S drawings” or “S parts” in accordance with the MAN M 3010-1 standard and the relevant label must be attached to them.
The material used for chrome-plated components must be declared and identified as galvanizable by the raw material manufacturer. Uncoated blanks and test strips are used for material checks. Components must meet the basic requirements set out in the MAN M 3591 standard.
Types and requirements are detailed in the table provided in the standard.
Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) is a lightweight but high-strength thermoplastic obtained by terpolymerization of acrylonitrile, butadiene and styrene in appropriate proportions.
The monomer ratios (approximately) are as follows:
When the composition is balanced in this way, styrene provides gloss and surface finish, butadiene provides low-temperature elasticity and impact resistance, and acrylonitrile provides hardness and chemical resistance. This compound is resistant to chemicals and is highly resistant to abrasion and impact.
ABS is easily adapted to methods such as injection molding, extrusion, vacuum forming, and professional 3D printing. Its versatility makes ABS a preferred material in many industries. In the automotive industry, it is widely used in interior and exterior trim parts, headlights, and instrument clusters.
The MAN 321 standard essentially provides:
ABS, covered by the MAN 321 standard, is a durable, machinable engineering plastic. Its composition provides high surface quality, impact resistance, and chemical and heat resistance. Its applications range from automotive and electronics to toys and kitchenware, as well as protective equipment.
Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) is an opaque and amorphous thermoplastic and polymer. Thermoplasticity refers to the material's response to heat. Thermoplastics become liquid at a specific temperature, 100 degrees Celsius for ABS. ABS can be heated to its melting point, cooled, and heated again without significant deterioration. Thermoplastics like ABS liquefy rather than burn, allowing for injection molding and subsequent recycling. Thermoset plastics, on the other hand, can only be heated once.
Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) resins are plastics that can be combined with various additives to impart various properties, making them versatile and attractive for a variety of end-use applications. ABS is a high-performance plastic widely used in the electronics and automotive industries, pipes and fittings, household appliances (such as refrigerator door panels, coffee makers, blenders, irons, and vacuum cleaners), telecommunications devices (such as cellular and landline phones), toys, electronic games, business machines (such as computers, scanners, printers, copiers, and fax machines), and furniture.
The main advantages of ABS are:
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