Volvo STD 422-0005 Resistance to Soiling - Textiles

The standard "Volvo STD 422-0005 Resistance to soiling - Textiles", developed by the Volvo car company, describes a test method for evaluating the soiling resistance and cleanability of upholstery coated fabrics. This standard is applicable to upholstery fabrics with coatings on the wear side.

For the purposes of this standard, the following terms and definitions apply:

• Coated fabric refers to fabric that has a separate, continuous layer of rubber or plastic-based material that is adhesive on one or both surfaces.
• Contamination refers to the process of transferring one or more undesirable substances to the surface of a material. Staining is a special case of contamination caused by one or more dyes or pigments.
• Cleanability refers to the ability of a coated fabric to return to its original appearance after cleaning.

This method involves exposing test samples to contaminant material under defined conditions, cleaning, and then performing a visual assessment. Three different types of contaminants are generally used for contamination:

• Solid soil and dyes transferred by a contaminating cloth
• Watery soil
• Oily soil

After the contamination and conditioning period, the samples are cleaned. The samples are visually evaluated before and after cleaning.

When preparing and conditioning test samples, the following samples are cut for different procedures:

• Two samples of 140 mm diameter for dry contamination
• Two samples of 100 mm x 100 mm for aqueous contamination
• Two samples of 100 mm x 100 mm for oily contamination
• A sample of approximately 50 mm x 100 mm was used for evaluation.

The samples are conditioned for at least 24 hours at 20 degrees Celsius and 65 percent relative humidity or at 23 degrees Celsius and 50 percent relative humidity (climate A or climate B, respectively, according to EN ISO 2231 standard).

All tests described in this standard are performed in duplicate.

Equipment and materials used in these tests include:

• Martindale apparatus (according to standard EN ISO 12947-1).
• Pilling sample holder heads for Martindale apparatus, as defined in the EN ISO 12945-2 standard, including auxiliary mandrel device for sample mounting.
• Wool felt backing according to EN ISO 12945-2 (cut to a diameter of 90 mm plus/minus 1 mm for the bead holder).
• Wool felt backing according to EN ISO 12947-1 (cut to a diameter of 140 mm plus/minus 1 mm for the abrasive table of the Martindale apparatus).
• Circular sample cutters for the sample and fouling cloth (a cutter with a diameter of at least 140 mm).
• Pipettes for administering liquids (precision at least 0,1 ml).
• Glass plates of at least 150 mm x 150 mm size.
• Cotton cloth according to ISO 105-F09 standard (dimensions, 70 mm x 70 mm pieces for soiling and approximately 150 mm square pieces for cleaning).
• 140 mm diameter cut dirt cloth with the following features:
  • 100 percent cotton denim
  • 450 g/m2 (24,5 threads per cm in warp direction, 19,5 threads per cm in weft direction)
  • Dyeing with 2,3 percent indigo blue and 0,5 percent sulfur black
  • Both were contaminated with 4 plus/minus 1 g/m2 carbon black/olive oil.
• Hydrated ground, unsweetened instant coffee (freeze-dried) (mixed at 60 degrees to 80 degrees, 2,5 g plus/minus 0,1 g of coffee and 240 ml plus/minus 5 ml of water and cooled to 40 degrees).
• Oily soil (paraffin oil containing 0,1 percent β-carotene.
• Cleaning agent (sodium lauryl ether sulphate, 0,5 percent solution in water).
• Greyscale (compliant with EN 20105-A03 standard).
• Other soils and cleaning solutions may be used if requested by the customer.
• It should be woven with hot air and adjusted to be kept at a temperature of 80 degrees plus/minus 2 degrees.

Our organization has a strong staff that closely follows the developments in the world in the field of science and technology and constantly improves itself. Among the numerous tests, measurements, analyses and evaluation studies provided for businesses in various sectors, there are also testing services in accordance with the "Volvo STD 422-0005 Resistance to contamination - Textiles" standard.