The standard “MBN 10526 Test methods for self-adhesive components” developed by the Mercedes-Benz group describes test methods for determining the adhesion strength of adhesive tapes and foils for self-adhesive components.
There are various methods for measuring the strength of industrial adhesives. Some of the most common tests are overlap, shear, pull, and peel tests. These tests determine how much force is required to break the bond. Shear tests, for example, are used to compare the adhesive bonds of materials such as foils and to evaluate the adhesion of a layer.
In general, these shear tests can be performed in both tension and compression directions, but tensile tests are traditional because they are simpler to perform. The results of this test are a shear strength in plane shear. When testing relatively thin and flexible materials, angular errors in the stress plane may occur in single-layer shear specimens due to an effective bending moment, which can lead to an irregular stress distribution and therefore to a significant measurement error.
Self-adhesive components consist of a material called a backing or carrier (paper, plastic film, cloth, foam, foil) coated with an adhesive and, if necessary, a release liner. The adhesive-coated backing or carrier is then rolled up to form a long roll of tape.
Self-adhesive tape or pressure-sensitive tape consists of a pressure-sensitive adhesive coated onto a backing material such as paper, plastic film, cloth or metal foil. It is adhesive without any heat or solvent for activation and adheres to surfaces with light pressure. Typical adhesives are polymers such as acrylates, natural and synthetic rubber. These tapes usually require a release agent on their backing or a release liner to cover the adhesive.
The standards MBN 10526 § 6.3 and MBN 10526 § 6.4 provide various test methods for self-adhesive components. Adhesive strength is the interfacial strength between the adhesive and the substrate and is generally the most important consideration when designing a strong adhesive bonded joint. However, adhesive strength is not the only factor critical to creating an effective bond. Even with the world's strongest adhesive, if the adhesive does not bond to the substrate surface, the bond will fail.
Cohesive strength is the internal strength of an adhesive, the ability of the adhesive to hold itself together under stress. The higher the cohesive strength, the stronger the adhesive. Cohesive strength is determined by the chemical composition of the adhesive. Adhesive strengths range from pressure-sensitive adhesives to structural epoxy and acrylic adhesives.
It is important to consider the specific types of stresses that will act in an adhesive joint. Common stresses include shear, separation, peeling, and tension. Knowing the magnitude and frequency of stresses to which the application will be subjected will assist in selecting the adhesive with the best cohesive strength for the job.
Adhesive strength is one factor that helps to provide a strong and durable bond. Strength ensures that the adhesive strength does not deteriorate over time. So while strength is important, a strong bond is not just about adhesive strength.
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